Legal Issues-Business Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Legal Issues-Business Law - Essay Example The medium of transaction in the online world may not satisfy the existing legal requirements like a contract should be in writing. Like in the conventional business transactions, there are concerns to regulate online commerce. However, the nature of traditional business and online commerce differ significantly. It is these differences that lead to legal issues to arise. The legal issues relating to online commerce is further compounded by the fact that the existing law is territorial. This implies that the existing law is limited in its application to the persons or activities within the boundaries of a region or a state. Unlike the usual business transactions, online commerce does not occur within the precincts of one physical location. It is crucial that the law should adapt to the online commerce needs, as well as respond to the differences between traditional commerce and online commerce. The law must adapt to online commerce realities by providing a clear guidance for parties engaging in electronic communication and online commerce. This is particularly important in simulating online commerce to reach its full commercial potential. I agree with the article that the law needs to evolve in order to address emerging issues in online communications and particularly online commerce. It is important that the law should be designed to accommodate the traditional aspect and online commerce as well. The book titled â€Å"Code† written by Lawrence Lessig provides insights into the whole concept of online commerce. In order to have a better understanding and its implications, particularly legal perspectives, this paper will highlight what is important in chapters 1, 2 and 3 of the book. In chapter one, the book provides historical background of the advent of online commerce. The chapter discusses the beginning of a new political society after the collapse of communism in Europe. It further points out to the fact that a

Methods of Warfare in 1st World War Essay Example for Free

Methods of Warfare in 1st World War Essay What methods of warfare were used in World War 1 and how did they change over the duration of the War? German Plan: In 1914 when war was declared Germany soon thought of a plan that they thought would win them the war known as the Schlieffen Plan which was soon put into action. The plan was if they could send all their troops through Belgium into France and take France within a matter of weeks before the Russian army was mobilised they could send all their troops to face Russia when Russia’s forces had fully mobilised. And so have a better chance of defeating Russia. Germany estimated it would take six weeks to conquer France and Belgium leaving them time to move their troops to the Eastern Front before Russia was fully engaged in the war. French Plan: In 1914 when war broke out the French followed their Plan 17 which was to send all their troops charging across the frontier and attack deep into Germany forcing the German soldiers to surrender. And so the French launched an attack on German forces in Alsace-Lorraine, the French troops were cut down by German machine gun fire and artillery, within 12 days 200,000 French troops had been killed forcing them to abandon the plan and retreat to Paris. British plan: In order to help out the French Britain created a small force they planned would help the French troops stop the Germans and so England sent the British Expeditionary Force (150,000 professional trained, well equipped troops) in 1914 to France in order to hold off the German forces and to hopefully help beat back the German troops. Unfortunately in September 1914 the BEF were pushed back to Marne where they and the French stopped the German advance and pushed them back to the River Aisne. It was here where both sides dug themselves in in trenches leading to a large stalemate between both sides. Trench Warfare: During the First World War trench warfare was the most common type of warfare used, due to the fact that tanks had only recently been created and aircraft were not very developed. The trenches stretched from the sea at Ostend all the way to the Alps. These trenches caused a stalemate due to the fact that taking an enemy’s trench was extremely difficult because they were well defended by many machine guns that would kill any incoming infantry. Machine were large, heavy guns that were devastatingly effective as defensive weapons as they could fire eight bullets per second killing platoons of soldiers in minutes if they went over the top. During the war artillery caused the most casualties as they often destroyed enemy positions and killed the soldiers within them. Even though the enemy would just go deep into the trenches underground where they would be safest from the bombs. Artillery guns were very inaccurate at the beginning of the war but by the end of the war artillery was more powerful and much more accurate. A key weapon used to drive enemies out of the trenches was poison gas. The gas could be in a grenade that could be chucked into a enemy trench or fired in an artillery shell or even dropped by plane. The gas tended to be chlorine causing soldiers to struggle to breathe or mustard gas that blinded or killed its victims. Lastly the trenches were very unhygienic, full of dead bodies and gunge of mud and blood on the floor. This meant bacteria and infections spread very quickly and so diseases were common which took the lives of many soldiers on both sides. Land Warfare: Before the war Land warfare was only infantry and artillery but British inventors in 1914 thought of the idea of the tank, which they took to generals, but was rejected as though it would be impractical but Churchill disagreed and funded the project. Tanks were first used two years later in the Battle of the Somme; they advanced ahead of the infantry crushing the enemies’ defences and then spray the enemy with machine gun fire. Seeing this the British morale was boosted as they thought Tanks could lead to the breakthrough that will win them the war. Unfortunately the tanks were very slow, not very maneuverable and unreliable as many tanks broke down before they reached the enemy. The first real success for tanks was at Cambria in 1917 where they easily broke through enemy lines but the infantry behind couldn’t keep up. By the end of the war both forces were using armor piercing machine guns and adapted field guns to destroy tanks meaning tanks weren’t as invincible as they thought they were at the beginning of the war. Air warfare: In 1914 planes had only recently been invented and so at first they were very simple and used to fly over enemy targets or trenches etc, and take pictures, which they would then take back to head quarters. When planes were seen taking pictures enemy aircraft would try to shoot them down, at first the pilot would fire pistols and rifles from their planes at their enemy as they hadn’t though of a way to shoot in-between the propeller without hitting and braking the propeller. It was not until April 1915 they had fixed this problem by fitting a machine gun that was synchronized so that bullets missed the propeller and by 1918 spectacular dog fights were taking place in the air with more advanced airplanes with more advanced weapons that played a large part in slowing down the German advance. So in four years the Royal Naval Air Service and Royal Flying Corps had gone from having 37 planes to 23,000 planes but really the air war was little compared to the war at land and sea. Sea Warfare: Lastly before the war Britain had the largest fleet of advanced ships in the world that belittled the German fleet. Throughout the war there were very few battles on the sea. British Ships were used more for blockading German ports and supply lines hoping this would cause Germany to run out of resources and surrender. The only major sea battle was the Battle of Jutland where the British fleet lost 14 ships but destroyed 11 German ships and successfully maintained the blockade. Throughout the war Germany used its U-boats to destroy merchant ships and allied war ships, at first the U-boat would warn the ship it was about to be attacked but this convention was abandoned later in 1915. To stop the losses of Allied ships, Britain created: Q-ships that looked like merchant ships but had heavy guns on board; Mines to stop U-boats going through the English channel; Depth charges that sometimes when dropped hit U-boats and destroyed them; Convoys to protect merchant ships and Long-Range aircraft to protect the convoys.

Biomes of the World Essay -- The Worlds Biomes

A biome, also known as life zones, consists of all plants, animals, and other organisms, as well the physical environment in a particular area. A biome is characterized by its’ plant life, climate, and location. The climate and physical features determine the boundaries of a biome. A biome is made up of many different ecosystems. The ecosystems tend to have the same pants and animals as neighboring biomes around the boundaries. The major biomes are the tundra, taiga, tropical rain forest, temperate forests, desert, grassland, savanna, chaparral, and marine. Each biome has it’s own characteristics such as the tundra. The tundra is a biome that is located in the Northern Hemisphere of the world. It circles the North Pole and reaches down to the taiga. The tundra has a very cold and harsh climate, especially in the winters. The average winter temperatures is about -30Â °F and average summer temperatures is roughly 37-54Â °F. The yearly amount of precipitation, which includes melting snow, averages to about 6 to 10 inches. With these conditions it makes for a short growing season of about 50-60 days. In some parts it can be up to 180 days. This is only found in the more southern part of the tundra. Another aspect of the tundra includes the vegetation that is found there and the adaptations that have been made. The tundra is known for its’ cold temperatures, but also its’ limited plant species. The growth of the vegetation is primarily low to the ground and the biomass of plants is concentrated in the roots. Here the plants reproduce more likely by division and building than by flower pollination. Some of that growthforms that you will find in the tundra include tussock, mats or cushion plants, rosettes, and dwarf shru... ...enthic, coral reef, and estuaries. Some freshwater habitats include marches, lakes, rivers, ponds, wetlands, and bogs. All the biomes of the world have climates, plants, and animals all their own. Traveling through each zone you can pick out the similar adaptations of each plant and animal. Biomes are unique to their location, each one of great importance to the world. Bibliography 1. Biomes, http://ths.sps.lane.edu/biomes 2. Aquatic Biomes, http://redbaron.bishops.ntc.nf.ca/wells/biomes/html/aquatic.htm 3. Biomes, SLW, October 1996, http://runet.edu/~swoodwar/CLASSES/GEOG235/biomes 4. Chaparral, http://www.csun.edu/csc24235/hairach.html 5. Northern Coniferous Forest, http://www.uwsp.edu/acaddept/geog/faculty/ritter/geog101/biomes_northern_forest.html 6. The World of Biology, 4th ed., Davis, Solomon, Berg; Saunders College Publishing, Ó1994.

Cialis Insead Swot

Case-Study Cialis. This report will be aimed at a SWOT analysis of a new product to treat erectile dysfunction, Cialis, produced by the joint venture Lilly ICOS. Strength : Cialis is more efficient than other products already sold on the market and has less constraints Weaknesses * Lilly ICOS has very low financial funds compared to Pfizer. * The time needed to introduce a new drug on the market is high because it has to be tested to be sure it’s not dangerous. The time needed to convince doctors to switch and suggest a new drug for the same health problem * ICOS has no experience in launching new drug product Opportunities * People who have already tried Viagra and are dissatisfied with it are an easy target. Indeed, these people already talked about the problem to a doctor in the past and these people are still looking for a solution. This dissatisfaction can be due to the fact the product is not working, or for some inconvenience issues, eg. onsumers cannot eat too fat othe rwise Viagra has lower effect. Cialis does not have these constraints. * Viagra is not used a lot by European. The market would thus be easier to penetrate. Threats * The main product used to treat ED is Viagra, produced by Pfizer, has been dominating the market for years and is already known worldwide by consumers. * To penetrate the market, Cialis has to convince two targets: the chosen consumer group but also the doctors who prescribe the drug. There are issues concerning the culture of the target. Depending the country, the consumers are less keen to talk about erectile dysfunction to their doctor. Suggestions To penetrate the market with Cialis, Lilly ICOS should definitely not attack Viagra by the front because the group is too well known and has to higher financial ressources. Another strategy would be to bypass and attack a niche but the benefits would be lowered The best strategy according to me would be to attack Viagra by flank. Cialis has to attack the weaknesses of Viagra looking why it losts consumers. * We have to focus on geographical regions where Viagra is not well implemented. In this case, Cialis would better introduce its product in Europe than trying to do it in US. * Then, Cialis has to convince both targets  : the consumers and the prescriptors. * According to the country, the prescriptors are not the same  : while in US, France and UK it is mainly the family doctor, in Germany, Italy and Spain, people consult a specialist. According to the country, Lilly ICOS should convince the  «Ã‚  most consulted » physicians to propose patients who are dissatisfied with Viagra to use Cialis instead. * The consumers are a second barrier. They could be reached with advertising with a less  «Ã‚  dramatic  Ã‚ » environnement. ED problems have to be considered as common and normal as headache in order to make it easier for them to talk about it to their doctor. These advertising would made play some actors between 50 and 60 because the ED affect people aged in this area.

Translations by Brian Friel

Leaving Cert Comparitive study : Translations by Brian Friel Translations is a three-act play set in the tumultuous nineteenth century country of Ireland. The action takes place in a hedge-school where students are faced with the invasion of English speaking soldiers. One of these soldiers falls in love with an Irish girl and then mysteriously goes missing. The son of the master of the hedge-school is forced to go into hiding to keep from being condemned for the crime, although he is not responsible for the soldier's disappearance. Translations is a play about love, tradition, and the circumstances that force the break with these traditions.Characters Manus Cares for people at the beginning of the play. Intelligent and educated. Runs away at the end. Lacks ambition and vision. Owen Friendly with everyone. Takes Manus' place at the end in caring for Sarah and Hugh. Betrays Ireland with the English. Ran away for six years, like Manus does at the end. Yolland Wants to learn Irish and un derstand the people. Doubts moral validity of what he is doing. Overly romantic about Ireland and its language. Cannot face up to authority. Hugh Agrees to help Maire at the end. Uses Manus and blatantly prefers Owen. Sometimes pretentious.Major Areas of Study: Language and power†¦ Language and communication†¦ Language and identity (both cultural and individual)†¦ Progress†¦ Friendship and love†¦ The past and mythology†¦ Education†¦ Sample Questions 1. Why do you think that Friel gave his play the title Translations? 2. The play is set in 1833. How does Friel make its themes relevant to a modern day audience? 3. Do you agree that Translations is more concerned with the fate of individuals than the fate of nations? 4. â€Å"The play is about the characters' search for their true identities. † Do you agree?

Owing to vs Due to

Owing to vs Due to Owing to vs Due to Owing to vs Due to By Maeve Maddox Steve Campbell asks for a post on â€Å"the choice between due to and owing to. There was a time that I felt very strongly about the difference between due to and owing to, zealously correcting misuse in student papers. After all, one of my most esteemed authorities, H.W. Fowler, has this to say in Modern English Usage: Under the influence of ANALOGY, due to is often used by the illiterate as though it had passed, like owing to, into a mere compound preposition. He gives such examples as these of due to being used incorrectly: The old trade union movement is a dead horse, largely due to the incompetency of the leaders. Rooks, probably due to the fact that they are so often shot at, have a profound distrust of man. The perceived error is that due to must be attached to a noun and not, says Fowler, to a notion extracted from a sentence . . . it is not the horse, [or] the distrust of the rooksthat are due, but the failure of the movement, the distrust of the rooks . . . Even now, I reach for an index card when I hear the local weatherman say, â€Å"The road is closed due to flooding.† Then I remind myself that the difference between due to and owing to is as much a dead horse as the â€Å"old trade union movement† in Fowler’s example. For those who wish to go on beating the horse, due to is adjectival and owing to is adverbial. The road was closed owing to flooding. For the road to be due to anything, it would have to be something that influenced the existence of the road: The road was due to the efforts of local citizens who voted to raise taxes for its construction. Here are two more examples for the sake of comparison: His accident was due to excessive alcohol consumption. His accident occurred owing to the fact that he was talking on his cell phone. For most English speakers due to and owing to have become interchangeable. Trying to preserve a distinction between them is pointless. I’d rather direct my energy to the defense of â€Å"I† as a subject pronoun. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Arrive To vs. Arrive AtCapitalization Rules for Names of Historical Periods and MovementsCaptain vs. Master

Green Revolution Essays

Green Revolution Essays Green Revolution Essay Green Revolution Essay Green revolution within reach People need energy all the time. Not only electricity Is In great demand to make houses and other building operate but we need fossil fuels to use wide range of transportation. According to estimates, nonrenewable sources will run out in the foreseeable future. Scientists predict that we will be able to exploit coal for about two hundred and twenty years, natural gas about sixty years and oil will run out in forty years . They also suggest the shift from fossil-fuel-consuming civilization towards the green global community who will create a symbolic relation with nature. In practice, this means seeking alternative sources of energy that come from gifts of nature. And when you analyses the latest European union law regulation about increasing usage of alternative energy 2, or read about newest scientific experiments with hydrogen cars and energy-efficient houses you will be convince the process of becoming green has already begun. Although there are some fears and doubts In this new social movement, the benefits far outweigh and give a new chance for mankind not to act against but coexist with the beauty of nature. As a priority, alternative sources of energy as opposed to fossil fuels are clean energy. They do not cause emission of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. Not releasing any carbon dioxide they do not contribute to the process of global warming as the popular and widespread fossil fuels do. : Besides, they can be widely used for producing and generating electricity. When you consider the share of sources In producing electricity In the world, due to BP Statistical Yearbook 2004, you will notice the huge share of fossil fuels (67%1 nuclear energy(16%) In comparison to 7% coming from hydroelectric dams(16%) and wind energy Hopefully, the world governments act for green solution and advertise clean energy giving incentives for maintaining it. Analyzing the newest European union law regulation concerning energy policy you read about plans imposed on all Its members to generate electricity from wind, sun and water In order to Increase the usage of alternative energy sources up to 20% In total European energy production with the time deadline to 2020. In Norway, for example, scientists having been working since 60-ices of last century have tried to use gig and low tides of oceans to generate cheap energy. Only one obstacle has ceased and delayed these experiments so far, an appropriate material which could resist salt sea water. Fortunately the newest technology have brought new solutions and scientists were able to create huge water turbines with special protecting Installation covered with specially designed paints that can operate without any additional maintenance. Only in 2004 Norway activated about 19 turbines of such type which can supply energy for 1 600 houses. Although the process of constructing ocean turbines still remains a secret, lots of other countries follow the ideas and test similar ones with the support of government financial programmer. Although nonrenewable sources boast with wide range of them from solar energy, wind, geothermal, tide energy or hydroelectric energy, being environmentally friendly teen cost nudge amount AT money- opponents argue. Protestor Jesse Accused Trot Rockefeller University estimates that to satisfy Aquas electricity needs, they would have to cover all of Texas and Louisiana with wind turbines what would be very expensive. Meanwhile, considering the prices of oil at their peak, continuous bill rising and perspective of running out of liquid sources, the huge input of money in making alternative sources operate equals. In addition, when you remember the idea of paying green taxes by those who damage the environment you have no doubts. Money is equal with only one difference you pay before, making the alternative sources operate, or after usage being left with high bills. Oil believers claim also that as long as benefits of alternative sources can be measure in electricity production they absolutely fail when you consider the remonstration. Our civilization stands out with the productivity of goods and their huge dislocation at the same time. This requires tons of oil and gas with the huge share of oil (90% ) in the entire world transportations. Following The Report of Peak Oil for USA department the peak of oil production will make serious problem for liquid sources in transportation not energetic crises generally speaking. They consider no other possibilities in this branch. Fortunately the world of science together with vehicle lovers offer unlimited visions and prospects in automobile development. After oil and gasoline engine, respected motor and car companies such as Toyota, Lexus, Ionians or Honda have launched their new inventions, a car which combines a small fuel-efficient gas engine with an electric motor that assists the engine when accelerating. The electric motor is powered by batteries that recharge automatically while you driver. This ecological whim called hybrid car is gaining more and more popularity and other car companies being convinced of new technology are bringing out new models. Only in 2004 Lexus ARC eh received the reward of European Car of The Year. When you insider other kinds of transportation, cities like Seattle have diesel-electric buses- these can draw electric power from overhead wires or run on diesel when they are away from the wires. Giant mining trucks, or submarines are often diesel-electric hybrids, or nuclear-electric. And the latest invention of automobile world- the hydrogen car proves the human genuine and denies the gloomy vision of oil dependence. The process of becoming green does not mean generating electricity from alternative sources or seeking innovative solutions in automobile industry, it also means reduction in consumption and perhaps less comfortable and more emending way of life. As people are becoming more and more sensitive towards environmental issues, they accept green solutions. Surprisingly, it looks as a new thriving revolution, or as skeptics prefer to call a fashion of becoming green. In the USA green industry makes huge profits and is nearly comparable with the dot- revolution in the 90-ices. Green architecture is thriving gaining new branches from new raw materials to recycled. You can admire new efficient and ecologically friendly office buildings in Japan, China, USA or in Europe, usually skyscrapers powered by mind or solar panels with rainwater collectors, insulating glass system and daylight dimming system; all constructed in one purpose to reduce energy and water consumptions. There is also widespread tendency to build self-sufficient houses powered Dye alternative sources, Walt inclement logging systems All tense symptoms prove that green global community is becoming an absolute fact not a marginal fanaticism of some forces, and if this requires, if any, some personal sacrifices like walking instead of going by car or riding a bike instead of driving a car, it is worth taking it up in the name of higher value Our Earth protection.